Chromel wire HX9.5 1mm contains two main components: nickel and chromium, as well as various impurities in the form of manganese, copper and iron, as well as silicon and cobalt. If we talk about the percentage of these elements in the composition of the alloy, then it looks something like this: up to 91% nickel, up to 10% chromium and no more than 1.4% of various additives.
The key characteristics of the described alloy are as follows: resistivity = 0.66 μΩ×mm2/m; the density of the material is 8.71 g/cm3; heat treatment is possible at 1200°C; melts chromel at 1500°C; the annealing temperature is 900°C.
The content of such an element as nickel in the composition of this material makes it resistant to corrosion and heat in aggressive environments. This is possible due to the appearance of a stable greenish oxide film on the surface of the material.
The heat resistance of chromel is perfectly combined in it with thermoelectric properties. Due to the large thermoelectromotive force of chromel, when heated, an electric potential arises at the point of contact with other materials. The process of increasing the thermoelectromotive force when chromel is heated is straightforward. For example, the value of thermo-EMF in the case of a platinum-chromel thermocouple under conditions of temperature dynamics equal to 0 - 1000 ° C will be 33 mV. And when the temperature rises to a value greater than 1000°C, this possibility is lost.
Chromel alloy is supplied as follows: tape; circle with a diameter of 12 mm to 1 m; wire with a diameter of 0.1 to 12 mm. Chromel wire is used more widely than the same tape or circle from the same alloy. It is an integral part of the design of a number of heating devices, as well as thermocouples, rheostats and compensating wires. Chromel will act as a positive electrode in the design of an alumel–chromel thermocouple, provided that the temperature is not more than 1000°C. The thermoelectromotive force of the alloy is linearly dependent on temperature, which means that the calibration of such pyrometers is greatly simplified. Chromel alloy is also actively used in the construction of compensating wires.
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