Berdichev metal base - steel sheet, strip, pipe, circle, wire, hexagon, square, corner, channel, galvanized, non-ferrous rolled products and alloys, RTI, ATI
Steel sheets manufactured in accordance with GOST are rectangular rolled products with a thickness of 0.3 to 190 mm. The sheet is supplied in rolls (for the 0.3-4 mm range), but also packed in bundles from 2 to 8 tons for sheets with a thickness of 0.3 to 5 mm. Globalization and technological progress have allowed production to reach a new level, and today there are many types of such sheet products in the assortment, from classic formats to galvanized and corrugated sheets.
Types of steels from which sheets are made:
carbon steels;
Steels for the manufacture of sheets 60G, 65G, 65, 70, 70G - belong to spring-spring carbon and alloy steels. Steel St10kp/ps; St08kp/ps; St15kp/ps, St20kp/ps, St40, St45, St25, St30, St35 are high-quality carbon structural steels. Steels St50, St60, St55 - belong to high-quality carbon structural steels. Steels 20G, 30G, 15G, 40G, 30X, 38XA, 40X, 50G, 10G2, 35G2, 20X, 45X are structural alloyed steels.
All steel sheet production is divided into two types:
Hot rolled. Carbon or low-alloy steel acts as the starting material, and the production process itself takes place in the factory on special rolling machines. The result is a thin steel sheet with finished or unfinished edges. This type of sheet according to GOST is produced in three types - corrugated sheets with lentil corrugation steel GOST 8568, corrugated sheets with rhombic corrugation and sheets with a flat plane GOST 19903.
Cold rolled. The peculiarity of this production method lies in the cold rolling of hot-rolled steel sheets. The result is a sheet with a perfectly smooth surface and a thickness of 0.3 to 5 mm. In addition, such metal products receive exemplary chemical and physical properties, as well as high processing accuracy, strength, elasticity and resistance to deformation.
Each steel sheet manufactured in accordance with GOST receives its own marking, which explains the exact characteristics of the rolled product. For example, marker "A" defines a product with increased strength, marker "B" of normal accuracy, "PO" of especially high flatness, "PV" of high flatness and "PN" of normal flatness, show the level of the surface plane. Marking "O" with a cut edge means that the sheet has a finished edge, "BUT" with an uncut edge - respectively, without additional processing. To increase the chemical and physical properties, steel sheets are subjected to additional treatments (galvanizing, knurling).
Application
Today, sheet metal products are the basis for the creation of many building, industrial and household elements, and it is simply impossible to do without such materials. Steel sheet manufactured in accordance with GOST is used in industry and production, in which pipes, metal products of various configurations are manufactured, and are also used for mechanical engineering and shipbuilding. High requirements are put forward for these materials, both in terms of strength and durability, and in terms of accuracy and quality of processing.
Sheet steel with a thickness of 2 to 4 mm is produced in sheets or rolls. It is considered to be thin sheet steel with certain physical and chemical parameters, which APEX METAL buyers successfully use in accordance with the purpose:
Cold-rolled steel from high-quality carbon and low-alloy structural steels has a lower thickness variation and surface roughness, has good technological qualities, uncoated and galvanized sheets are suitable for the manufacture of products obtained by cold stamping, drawing, profiling
Thin-sheet hot-rolled steel is used for shallow stamping and the manufacture of flat products, hot pressure forming, further processing into cold-rolled metal, cold machining
What are the types of sheet steel
Iron sheet can be made of black or non-ferrous metal. Color rental is more expensive. Non-ferrous metals include stainless steel.
In the production of sheet products, rolling equipment is used. There are cold and hot rolling mills. Thus, the metallurgical industry produces sheets:
cold rolled (hk)
hot-rolled (hk)
Separately, you can select a galvanized sheet. The surface of the product is covered with a protective layer of zinc of different thicknesses. Such metal becomes more wear-resistant, durable, less prone to corrosion.
A variety of sheet products is also considered:
exhaust punched sheet
corrugated sheets
Hot rolled or cold rolled
Sheet metal, made using different technologies, has individual characteristics.
Cold rolled products are obtained by rolling a pre-pickled semi-finished product through a specialflax rolls. Here the maximum pressure on the steel is used. And due to repeated rolling, a sheet of the desired thickness comes out. This method is suitable for products up to 12 mm thick. Expanded sheets are made using the same technology. Only simultaneously with the broach of the metal, the cuttings of the web are performed.
With the hot manufacturing method, the workpiece preheated to high temperatures is driven through the rolls of the machine until the desired thickness is reached. The thickness of steel sheets with this method can reach 160 mm.
Hot-rolled sheet metal - the price per sheet of which depends on the thickness of the rolled product and its overall dimensions - is usually cheaper than cold-rolled.
Where thin sheet metal is needed
The list of applications is not limited to the construction industry, which, of course, is the main consumer.
In civil and industrial construction, sheet iron, the price of which depends on the quality of the raw material, is used:
in floor coverings of production halls
for arranging steps of entrance groups
in the manufacture of roofing, corrugated board, metal tiles
in the construction of steel structures
in decoration, design of buildings
In other areas, flat metal products are in demand as a material from which they are made:
safes
metal cabinets
cases of equipment, household appliances
machine parts, mechanisms
shelves, storage shelving
containers, reservoirs, cisterns
food industry equipment
pipes of different diameters and purposes
Types of steel sheet
In applied activities, sheet metal is divided into the following categories:
Smooth sheet metal is the most demanded, it is used in the production of industrial and civil products, in construction. Smooth sheet is used to create other types of sheet products. For example, to increase resistance to corrosion, different types of coatings are applied to the surface of rolled products, for example zinc, it is applied on both sides of the sheet, sometimes polymeric materials are applied;
In the production of corrugated sheets, manufacturers are guided by the requirements of GOST 8568-77. this document defines the technical conditions that corrugated steel must meet. A characteristic feature of this category is the presence of bulges on the surface of the sheet. GOST defines two forms of bulges - lentil and diamond-shaped. Rental of this type is in demand among builders, it is often used in the construction of observation platforms, flights of stairs, various kinds of crossings, that is, where any manifestation of slip is undesirable or unacceptable. The bulges on the surface of the sheet prevent slipping;
In addition to the above sheets, metallurgical plants produce cut-drawn sheets. Not so long ago, in their manufacture, manufacturers used GOST 8706-78, but more recently, manufacturers have been using TU36.26-11-5-89. This type of rolled products is distinguished by the fact that holes are made in the body of the sheet, with elongated edges. This design does not allow passers-by and vehicles to slip, keeps dirt, snow and water on itself. This leads to their widespread use as a coating for flights of stairs, platforms and other surfaces located on the street;
Perforated rolled products are classified in accordance with the standards defined in GOST 16523-97. A characteristic feature of this type of sheet is that many holes of various shapes are made in the sheet. This material is used for various types of finishing works;
Decking is a steel sheet produced using cold-rolled technology and molded on a special profiling machine. As a result, the sheet becomes profiled. If you look at the cross section of such a sheet, you can see a trapezoidal or oval profile. The profile gives the sheet additional rigidity. Due to its ribbing, the sheet becomes more durable and rigid. The sheet is widely used as a material for arranging roofs, creating fences, wall structures. A galvanized sheet is used as a raw material for the manufacture of a profile sheet, but sometimes these products are coated with a polymer material. Such a sheet not only has reliable protection against corrosion, but also an attractive appearance.
Corrosion-resistant (stainless) sheet metal is a product for the production of which stainless steel is used. The composition of such steel includes chromium, nickel, etc., in fact, these substances ensure the resistance of the sheet to corrosion, to the influence of aggressive substances, and to high temperatures.
Sheet material applications and steel grades used
In principle, most of the steel grades used in industry are used for the production of sheet products. The following steel grades are especially popular among consumers: St3, 20, 35, 45 they are used in the construction of building structures.
Low-alloy structural steel 09G2S - the chemical composition of this material allows the use ofcat from this steel is used in the manufacture of welded structures operated in harsh climatic conditions, i.e. in the temperature range from - 70 to + 425 degrees.
Steel 65G (spring) is used in the production of springs, springs used in the construction of vehicles.
Rolled products obtained from alloys 12X18H10T, 07X21G7AN5, etc. are used in the manufacture of machines and mechanisms operating at temperatures close to the boiling point of oxygen -183 degrees. And used in gas liquefaction plants, etc.
Sheet metal production
It has already been noted that cold and hot deformation technologies are used to produce sheet products. Hot deformation looks something like this: a billet (slab) heated to a certain temperature is processed in a rolling mill, i.e. rolled between the rolls. As a result of processing, sheets of given sizes are obtained at the output.
As a result of such processing, the metal acquires the following undeniable advantages:
Strength;
Corrosion resistance;
Resistance to temperature fluctuations;
weld quality.
Calculation of sheet products according to the main parameters
1. To calculate the area of a steel sheet, use the formula: Area (m2) = Length (m) * Width (m);
2. Calculation of the volume of sheet metal: Volume (m3) = Length (m) * Width (m) Thickness (m);
3. To calculate the weight of a steel sheet, first you should remember that the average mass of one m2, 1 mm thick is 7.85 kg. This is a fixed value. Using this indicator and other parameters of sheet metal, you can derive a simple formula for calculating the weight of any sheet product:
Weight (kg) = Area (m2) Thickness (mm) * 7.85; or Weight (kg) = Length (m) * Width (m) Thickness (mm) * 7.85;
To make approximate calculations, it is enough to round the average weight from 7.85 kg to 8 kg, and then such calculations can be carried out without a calculator, and the error will be less than 2%.
