Kherson sheet, circle tool steel U8A, HVG, 9XC, 5HNM, R6M5, spring-loaded 65G

Properties of spring steel
The main characteristics of spring steel are considered to be an increased level of resistance to elastic deformations and a low coefficient of residual stretching. Steel of this type should have good anti-corrosion properties, which favorably affects the service life of products and prevents the appearance of cracks during operation. Types of spring steel
Depending on the presence of additional components, it stands out:
    Alloy steel. It is used in the production of springs, springs, buffers and other parts operating under dynamic and alternating loads. Carbon steel. It is used for the manufacture of springs with a small cross section, which are operated under conditions of low stress.
As the basis of alloy steel, carbon steel is used, which contains 65-85% carbon (C). The composition is alloyed with 4 main chemical elements, all or separately. Each additive gives the alloy certain characteristics.
    Chrome (Cr). Gives the alloy anti-corrosion properties. Silicon (Si). Gives strength to metal.
    Manganese (Mn). Eliminates excessive strength of the material.
    Tungsten (W). Increases the plasticity of the material without loss of strength.
Spring-spring steels - GOST
Spring steels are referred to in the State Standard (GOST) as spring steels and have a number of specific requirements for their composition and mechanical properties. Some of the GOST standards for spring steels include: GOST 8509-93: steels for spring products
    GOST 9389-75: steels for spring products and load elements
    GOST 9389-89: steels for spring products and load elements These standards specify the requirements for the composition, mechanical properties, strength, durability and other characteristics of spring steels that are necessary for various applications. Circle 65g is a structural spring steel. The marking reflects the composition of the alloy: carbon up to 0.7%, manganese up to 1.2%, other elements - less than 1% (silicon, copper, chromium, phosphorus, sulfur, nickel). Manganese enhances the strength of the metal and its tensile strength. Rolled metal products have good density indicators (7850 kg/cu.m.). Metal products 65g can operate in the temperature range of +20-200 ºС. Forging is carried out at an initial temperature of +1250 ºС, and is completed at a temperature of +780 to +760 ºС. Spring steel is a low alloy, medium or high carbon steel with a very high yield strength. This allows spring steel products to return to their original shape despite significant bending and twisting. Most spring steels (like those used in automobiles) are hardened and tempered to 45 on the Rockwell C scale. It is used for the manufacture of springs and similar products, for example, torsion bars and springs. Because of its resistance to breakage and cracking, spring steel is also widely used in the manufacture of metal swords for stage combat. Spring steel is one of the most popular pick materials [source not given 275 days] due to its elasticity and flexibility. Also used for piano strings and spring collars.