Nikolaev viniplast sheet, getinax, ABS plastic, varnished fabric, acrylic rod (rod), polyacetal
Vinyplast is a rigid thermoplastic opaque plasticizer-free plastic mass based on polyvinyl chloride and perchlorovinyl resin, which also contains heat and light stabilizers and antioxidants (preventing material destruction during processing and operation), lubricants (facilitating its processing and recycling), pigments or dyes (for obtaining colored products). It is a polymer product.
Another name is unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC).
To improve performance properties and reduce cost, up to 35% (by weight of the polymer) of modifiers (chlorinated polyethylene, rubbers), up to 20% of fillers (chalk, soot, aerosil) and up to 10% of plasticizers are introduced into the composition of viniplast.
Vinyl plastic can be glued to concrete, wood and metal surfaces.
Properties
Vinyl plastic is non-flammable and odorless. In addition, vinyl plastic lends itself well to various types of mechanical processing. Vinyl plastic is easily welded at a temperature of 230-250 degrees Celsius using a welding rod and is well glued with various types of glue prepared on the basis of polyvinyl chloride and perchlorovinyl resin. It should be noted that welded and adhesive joints, the strength of which is 80-90% of the strength of the material, lend themselves well to mechanical processing.
Vinyl plastic is a good dielectric when using products within the range of +20 ... +80 degrees Celsius, but it should be taken into account that when heating a vinyl plastic product above +80 degrees Celsius, a sharp drop in dielectric properties occurs. Vinyl plastic is resistant to acids, alkalis and aliphatic hydrocarbons, but is unstable to aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Manufacturing
Vinyl plastic is obtained by mixing components in high-speed mixers with subsequent processing of the dry mixture on rollers or in extruders, sometimes with its preliminary granulation.
It is processed into products by extrusion, pressing and injection molding.
The methods of processing vinyl plastic depend on the type of product being manufactured:
film vinyl plastic is obtained by rolling (calendering) the vinyl plastic mass;
smooth vinyl plastic sheets - by pressing bags assembled from vinyl plastic film and extrusion;
small vinyl plastic products of various profiles - by injection molding from granules on injection molding machines, as well as by pressing tablets or a powder mixture;
vinyl plastic pipes, profiled products and corrugated vinyl plastic sheets - by extrusion from granules;
large vinyl plastic products of complex configuration - by vacuum forming from sheets on molding machines.
Application
It is used for the production of pipelines, tanks, sheets, profiles in construction, chemical engineering, etc.
Since vinyl plastic has good bending strength and elasticity, fishermen sometimes make the upper parts of spinning rods (whips) and winter fishing rods-mormyshkas from it in a handicraft way. With appropriate processing, such parts allow bending of more than 45 degrees.
Production of UPVC and products made from it
Vinyl plastic also has another name - unplasticized polyvinyl chloride, or UPVC for short. Its basis is polyvinyl chloride, but other substances are also introduced into the composition, designed to stabilize the material and make it more durable, as well as lubricating components that facilitate its processing and recycling. Sometimes, in order to reduce the price of products, various inexpensive fillers are introduced into the composition of vinyl plastic - they not only make the product cheaper, but also give it new technical characteristics. The market offers not only vinyl plastic products (blanks), such as sheet vinyl plastic, pipes of various diameters and types, profiles and panels, but also raw materials in the form of granules, tablets or powder.
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Sheet vinyl plastic is the most common form of this material, since it can be given almost any required shape. A sheet of vinyl plastic can be exposed to high temperatures, when glued with compounds based on polyvinyl chloride or perchlorovinyl resin, the strength of the connection reaches 80-90%, which is considered very reliable. In addition, vinyl plastic is easily glued to concrete, wood and any metals.
Sheet vinyl plastic is made from a thin vinyl plastic film by pressing or extrusion (forcing a viscous material through a mold). Not only sheets, but also pipes are made by extrusion. If a product of complex shape is required, the vacuum forming method is used. Small parts of complex shape are also obtained by casting. As a rule, vinyl plastic is produced in rectangular sheets of different sizes, from 50 cm to 130 cm in width and from 130 cm to 200 cm in length. The surface of a high-quality vinyl plastic sheet has no foreign inclusions, no bulges or unevenness, no cavities. Metal inclusions, uneven edges or crooked cuts are unacceptable. On sale you can find:
pressed sheets of vinyl plastic up to 40 mm thick (marked as VN, such sheets can be of almost any size, the technology allows it);
thin sheets of extruded vinyl plastic up to 10 mm thick (marked as VNE);
very thin vinyl plastic sheets 1.5–3.0 mm thick, used mainly for decorative purposes (marked as VD).
Use of vinyl plastic
The scope of application of vinyl plastic is very wide. It is used to make pipes, including for technical pipelines, sewer networks and water supply systems.
Vinyl plastic is used to make cable sheaths, technical boxes for utility lines, barrels, containers for storing various liquids (including aggressive ones), decorative panels and profiles, interior trim for cars. You can often find packaging made of vinyl plastic.
Due to its technical characteristics, sheet vinyl plastic, like other varieties of this material, is widely used in the construction and chemical industries. Special containers for working with stable acids and concentrated alkaline solutions are made of the polymer. Durable and aesthetic decorative facing panels are made of sheets. In the household sphere, it is worth noting the widespread use of sheet vinyl plastic for the manufacture of household aquariums, with a capacity of 300 liters to a ton with a front panel made of transparent plexiglass. It is due to its non-toxicity, good tear and deformation properties at room temperature that the material can withstand high water pressure. Viniplast is a large rigid plate based on polyvinyl chloride and other impurities. This material lends itself well to mechanical processing, it is easy to saw and glue. It can be welded at temperatures from two hundred thirty to two hundred fifty degrees Celsius. This material is used as a good dielectric when working at temperatures from twenty to eighty degrees Celsius. Viniplast is also made in the form of pipes that are used for pipelines. Viniplast in the form of sheets is made in sizes from fifty to one hundred and thirty centimeters in width and from one hundred and thirty to two hundred centimeters in length. Plastic barrels for storing aggressive liquids and plain water are made of this material. And also aquariums with a volume of three hundred to one thousand liters. The front glass of such aquariums is made transparent. Beautiful facing materials are made of vinyl plastic for construction. The interior trim inside passenger cars is also partially made of vinyl plastic. In electrical engineering, it is used for cable sheathing and material for making technical boxes. Viniplast sheets are made in factories by extrusion and pressing. The surface of the finished sheet should be smooth, without scratches and holes. The edges of the sheet should be straight, without chips. The presence of foreign impurities is not allowed. The thickness of the sheets can be from one and a half to forty millimeters. This material can be easily glued to concrete and wood and a variety of metals. Fishermen can make the upper parts of winter fishing rods from this material due to its flexibility. When this material is heated above eighty degrees Celsius, it sharply loses its dielectric properties. This should be taken into account when using this material in electrical engineering. Viniplast is extremely resistant to aggressive chemicals. It is used to make plastic pipes that replace metal piping inside private homes and apartments. Sheets and pipes can be made in different colors: orange, pale pink and other, very different shades and colors.
